Texas caps damages narrowly. Most injury cases have no ceiling at all; the limits are reserved for malpractice and punishment awards.
Ordinary injury cases: no cap
In a standard personal injury or auto case, neither economic damages (medical bills, lost earnings) nor noneconomic damages (pain, disfigurement, mental anguish) are capped.
Medical malpractice
Under Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code 74.301, noneconomic damages are capped at $250,000 per provider, $250,000 per institution, with a $500,000 maximum total against institutions — a theoretical noneconomic ceiling of $750,000. Economic damages are not capped.
Exemplary (punitive) damages
Chapter 41 caps punitive damages at the greater of $200,000 or two times economic damages plus noneconomic damages up to $750,000. Punitive damages require clear and convincing evidence of fraud, malice, or gross negligence, and the cap is lifted for certain felony conduct.
Which caps apply — and how to maximize the uncapped economic component — is case-specific. A Texas injury lawyer values the claim against the right limits.